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Ҫ ϵ һ ģ ʽ ݽ 1990 λ ڵ ķʩ أ Darmstadt 巿 ݡ й PF ҵ 2011 7 Ųι صĺ Ķ Ԣ ã ù Ԣ 1961 꽨 ɣ 2006 б 졣 δ 5 й ҵ ƽ Ľ Σ Ҫ ǿ ƣ Ѷ Ҳ ӡ ҹ Ϊ ҵ 3 Լռ ҹ ĵ 30% ҹ ץ ƹ Ӧ ù ƺ ȱ Ƚ ͽ ġ ķ ݾ ŷ չ ʵ ش ĸ ʹ ﵽ ŷţ ŷŵ Ƚ ˮƽ ķ ݡ ķ ݣ Passive house Ҳ Ϊ ʽ ݣ һλ ר Է ʿ أ Wolfgang Feist 1988 ݲ յ ȵ ȡů 䡣 Ҫ ʹ Ĵ ݡ ͷ ϸ Ϊ ? ʹ ó Ч ϣ 봰 Զ 硢 Ȼ ϵͳ ý ϣ ȵؽ ģ ʹ ʼ մ ڶ ů ĺ ʪ ʿ ʻ С ϳ ķ ݵı ǣ ÿ ÿƽ 15kWh һ 㴫ͳ ݵ 10% ļ δ ķ Ŀ Ӧ dz ķ ݡ ϵ һ ģ ʽ ݽ 1990 λ ڵ ķʩ أ Darmstadt ݡ Է ʿ 1996 꽨 ķʩ س ķ о 2010 ѽ Լ25000 ݣ Ҫ ڵ µ ŷ ҡ 2003 Ž ɵ һ ķ ݡ ϵ һ ɷ ɳ ķ λ ڰ 2005 겢 ɡ һ Լ240ƽ ɷ ɵij ķ λ ڼ ݣ 2010 7 ɲ 2010 Ϻ רҵ ݣ ң һ ķ ơ ø Ч 뻷 ɵ ɫ ã ļ Դ ⲿ Ӧ Դ Լ ס ߵ ɱ ů ݺ ҵĽ ʦ Ƶ 2010 ij ĸ 㽨 D D ҹ ʫ ȵز ô ģ ʽ ܣ ͽ Դ ģ ۺϱ 4 Ľ סլ ҵ Ϊ ÿ 꽫 Լ Դ á 2010 2 5 գ ʫ ʽ ٻ 貿“ ɫ DZ ʶ” Ŀǰ й ɫ ʫ 80 ۺϽ ҵ п Խ һ ҹ Լռȫ ĵ 30 ϣ Ԥ Ƶ 2020 ڽ ʹ ù е Ľ ռ ĵ 40 ǻ ҹ Դ ȱì ܡ ƻ ỷ Ⱦ ٽ ó չ һ ӵġ ϵͳ з ݸ һϵͳ е Ҫһ ݡ “ ” ƻ 2010 滮 г н Լ 100 ƽ ף ݶ Ȳ ÿ 1 ڶ ƽ ף н ﵽ ķ ݵı ÿ ÿƽ 15kWh һ 㴫ͳ ĵ 10 Թ Һ Ĺ ף ϡ 20 80 ѧ Է ȩ Ʒ о Ǿ ͻ ȼ (Fireproof Smokeless Toxicity free FST ) Ƴɵķ ȩ ĭ Phenolic Foam PF ȼ ȱȾ ϡ ĭ PS ĭ PU Ҫ á 30mm PFƽ 徭 1700 10 Ӻ ȴ ղ Ȳ Ż Ҳ ɢ Ũ Ͷ 90 PF ڵķ ȩ ϲ ϵõ չ Ӣ ȹ Ҿ ӣ ա С 粨 ɻ IJձڼв о PF 1 ʱ Լ 50 棬 PF ڳ ʹ ʰ ȫ Ļ С PF Ӧ ڴ վ ȷ Ҫ ϸ ij ҽԺ ʩ ʹ ס ȹ ý PF ڵ ϵ ȴ ͳ ı ҿ ޡ ҵȣ Լ1 ǹ б ף Ҳ Ϊ“ ” “ ” ӱ 1 ɼ ұ 60mm PF 25mm ɴﵽ Ч PF ǽ Ᵽ Ӧ ʵ ڲμӹ ʻ 顢 ڼ PFҲ о ŷ д Ե PF IJ Ʒ Ӧ һ ܡ Ӣ ˣ Kingspan PF һ PF Kooltherm 10 ƺš K5 EWB ǽ Ᵽ ר ȩ ĭ 壬1980 ʼ ǽ Ᵽ µ Ӧ ã ݳƸù Ŀǰÿ ͻ ṩK5 EWBԼ15 ƽ ס й PF ҵ 2011 7 Ųι صĺ Ķ Ԣ ã ù Ԣ 1961 꽨 ɣ 2006 б 졣 ṩ K5 EWB ĭ 壬 Ǽ и 㽨 ɷ 칤 ĵ ͳɹ ؽ Hamlets ι һ 㽨 ɷ 칤 أ סլ ô ǰ е 龰 һĿ Ȼ һ ǿ ŷ λ Watford BRE (Building Research Establishment) Ӣ Ͳ Ͻ ɵij ģ ʽ ݺ ɫ ʮ ධ 巿 BRE Ϊ ɳ ɫ ȫ һ ҵ ע ͼ ǽ ݶ ó ȩ ĭ ʹ ﵽ 2007 Ӣ ס dz Ϊ“21 δ ɫ ” ƣ ƹ㵽ŷ Ӣ 齻 У ᵽ ȫ ƺͷ 淶 Ӣ ȩ ĭ ﵽBS 476-6 BS 476-7 Ӣ ȼ յȼ е 㼶Ҫ Ӣ ҹ ļ θ 㽨 Ҳ ţ Ӣ 涨18 ϵĽ EPS ȼ ȼ ϣ ʮ ʹ ȼ ȼ ڸ 㽨 б ʾ ΪPF BS 8414 κθ 㽨 ı ʹ Ϊ30 Ȼ 60 ꡣĿǰPF ú Ӧ ռ λ 60% ο 죬 Ӣ ŵĴ ƶ ڽ ǽ ϵ PF ÿ 50% ٶȵõ չ ѧϰӢ Ƚ ر Ӣ ǽ Ᵽ ϵͳʩ ͱ 淶 Ƚ ? ѧϰ ͽ “ ɽ ʯ Թ ” ҹ ȩ ĭ ҵ ŵĴ ƶ Ҳ õ չ Ķ ǽ ϲ ӽ Ƕ dz Ŵ й ҵ չ Щ ػ ǽ ϵ ϻ ʲô ǽ Ᵽ ʩ Ҫ dz
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